Improvement in blow-pipes



J. S. HULL. BLOWPIPB.

No. 39,398. Patented Aug. 4, 1863..

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

.JOHN s nULL, or CINCINNATLOHIO.

iMPPtovi-:MENT IN BLOW-PIPES.

To all whom/it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JoHN. S. HULL, ot Cin- 'cinnati, in the county ofHamilton and State of Ohio, have invented a newand Improved Blow-Pipe;and I do hereby declare that theI followin gis afull an d exactdescription thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,making part of this specification.

Figure lis a side elevation ofthe improved blow-pi pe complete Fig. 2, alongitudinal vertical section of the condensing or pressure reservoir;Fig. 3, avertical section showing the construction of the cut-oitl orjet regulator.

Like letters designate corresponding parts in all of the figures.

Alcoholic b1ow-pipes as heretofore -constructed have a close boiler, inwhichthealalcohol before the blow pipe can commence to operate, and ofthe employment of aseparate lamp or hea-ter'therefor, and fromtheliability of explosions, unless the expense ot' a sure safety-valveis incurred.

'lhe leading features of my invention consist in applying simpleatmospheric pressu re to the supply-fountain, so as to force the liquidalcohol itself instead of its vapor through the j etpipe, and ini-aporizingit in small, continuous quan' tities in the jet-pipe itselflnear its extremity; whereby all the disadvantages above enumerated areob\*iated,and real advantages are also attained, substantially ashereinafter set forth.

I employ an air-tight reservoir, A, of any suitableshape and material,to hold the alcohol (or other equivalent liquid for the purpose) `forsupplying the jet; but it is necessary that this rescrvoirshould beonly-partially 'lled with the alcohol-'fsayone-halt' or twoabove thatline. rlhe iillingcap or stopper T should, oi course, bc packed, as atn, or lotherwise be made to fit air-tight. To this reservoir is attachedan air-pump or condenser, which is conveniently and efficientlyconstructed as follows:

In the reservoir is secured a close tube or pump-barreh M, of therequired length, and havin g a separate chamber, is, in its inner end,or another tube, N, inside ot' the same, as shown in Fig. 2. These tubesare fastened airtight in the reservoir by a screw-joint, n, cap fm, andpacking 7c,.or. their equivalent. From the inner end a tube or nozzle,if necessary, aseends above the surface of the alcohol. .l n

Athe inner end of the tube or barrel N is located a valve, Q,of conicalor other suitable forni, closing outward into its seat It by a spring,i', and by the pressure of the air within the reservoir, and openinginward by the pressure ot' the air in the barrel when condensed by theforcing forward of the piston.

The piston Pis best and surest in action when made solid and in orderthat a valve may be dispensed with., it is drawn backward at each stopto the mouth ofthe barrel, or behind orifices ofso that air can enter infront of it when in that position. A cap, l, serves to .prevent thepistons being drawn entirely out ofthe barrel.

The alcohol is le'd from the reservoir A Iirst through altube, t, Fig.2, which reaches from near the bottom, so as to receive the liquid tillnearly drained from `the reservoir, and cond-ucts it into anintermediate connecting-port, l). This port is provided with apivot-joint, d, tightened wlth a screw, f, and-packing e, so thatthejet-pipe'C may be turned horizontally in any desired direction.

In the upper endoi the port D is situated a stop-cock for cutting offand regulating the flow ot'alcohol through the jet-pipe l. constructitsubstantially as represented in Fig. 3,

The passage between the port l) and the opening li to the jet-'pipeisconical, and stopped by screwing the accurately-fitting conical end got'the cock i into it. rlhe nut I, in which the cock i turns, is also atightening-cap, which screwsinto the supporting-socket or barrel L, andcompresses a packing-block, j, (made of india-rubber, leather, cork, orother suitable elastic matcriah) and not only tightly packs it againstthe bottom and sides otthe cavity, but around the cylindrical body ot'the cock z' itself. The flow of liquid is regulated by turningihecocki,and the packin g is tightened byturning the milled head of the nut I.

Thejet-pipe U is made as usual, except that provision is made forheating it near its extremity, to vaporize the liquid alcohol as itpasses through. For this purpose theblowpipe lamp B has not only theordinary llameburner, H, but a heating-burner,.G, arranged so as tothrow its llame against the jet-pipe.

In order to render the vaporization more rapid and effectual, I usuallymake a coil or turn, c, in the 'jet-pipe, over the burner G, so as topresent algreater length and surface to its heat.

Thus, by simply operating the pump in the reservoir occasionally, so asto condense the air therein, andlighting the lamp B at the tv vo burnersG H, thebloW-pipe is ready for operation at once, and continues inoperation as lon g as desired Without heating the alcohol in thereservoir. It is perfectly controllable, and works exceedingly Well,being-capable of adjustment with great nicety. All the advantagesdesigned by it as set-forth above are ob- .forcing the same in a liquidstate through the jet-pipe, 'and vaporizingit therein just beforeif;-

issues therefrom, substantially as and for the purposes hereinspecified. 1 In Witness that the above is a complete and exactdescription of my improved blow-pipe, so as-to enable those skilled inthe art to make and use-the same, I hereunto set my hand this 10th dayof December, 1862.

. JOHN S. HULL. Witnesses:

J. S. BROWN, ZENAs CLEMENT.

